Printing

In the 1430s a man named Johann Gutenberg created the predecessor to the modern imprint straighten out. The level of importance of the depression wish is rivaled by few other inventions, so a good deal so that the invention of the depression press is often apply as a reference to the social, political, and scientific change experienced by Europe aft(prenominal) the presss introduction. (Wikipedia). Johannes Gutenberg invented a mechanical substance of make books. This was the commencement example of mass book production.Before the invention of printing, multiple copies of a manuscript had to be made by hand, a laborious labor that could take umpteen years. Later books were produced by and for the church using the litigate of wood engraving. This required the craftsman to cut away the background, leaving the reach to be printed raised. This process applied to both text and illustrations was extremely magazine consuming. When a page was complete, often by joining severa l belt ups together, it would be inked and a sheet of paper was then pressed over it remote an imprint. The susceptibility of wood to the elements gave such blocks a limited lifespan.When Johannes Gutenberg began building his press in 1436, he was unlikely to have realized that he was endowment birth to an art form which would take center stage in the social and industrial revolutions which followed. The most important aspect of his invention was that it was the first form of printing to affair movable compositors case. His initial efforts enabled him in 1440 to construct indulgences printed slips of paper sold by the Catholic Church to remit temporal punishments in purgatory for sins committed in this life, for those wealthy enough to afford indulgences.Gutenbergs invention dispense rapidly after his death in 1468. It met in general with a ready, and as enthusiastic reception in the centers of culture. The label of more than than ascorbic acid0 printers, mostly of German origin, have come overcome to us from the fifteenth century. In Italy we find well over 100 German printers, in France 30, in Spain 26. Many of the earliest printers outside of Germany had knowing their art in Mainz Gutenbergs Home and where they were know as goldsmiths.Among those who were undeniably pupils of Gutenberg, and who probably were also assistants in the Guttenberg printing ouse. The new printing presses had spread like brushfire through Europe. By 1499 print-houses had become established in more than 2500 cities in Europe. Fifteen million books had been flung into a world where scholars would travel miles to experience a library stocked with twenty hand-written volumes. Scholars argue about the effect. It couldve been as few as eight million or as many as twenty four million all within 50 years of the printing presses invention. But the output of new books had been staggering by any reasonable estimate.The great deal had suddenly come into possession of most thir ty thousand new book titles. While the Gutenberg press was ofttimes more efficient than manual copying, the industrial Revolution and the introduction of the steamer powered rotary press allowed thousands of copies of a page in a single day. Mass production of printed works flourished after the transition to trilled paper, as continuous feed allowed the presses to run at a much faster pace. Gutenbergs invention did not make him rich, but it displace the foundation for the commercial mass production of books.The success of printing meant that books shortly became cheaper, and ever wider parts of the population could afford them. More than ever before, it enabled people to follow debates and take part in discussion of amours that concerned them. As a consequence, the printed book also led to more stringent attempts at censorship. This was a sign that it was felt by those in authority to be dangerous and challenging to their position. The spread of literacy and the aimment of uni versities meant that by the 15th century, scorn an assembly line approach to the production of books, supply was no drawn-out able to meet demand.As a result there was widespread interest in finding an alternative means of producing books. Before books could be mass produced, several developments were necessary. A ready supply of suitable real(a) that could be printed on was required. Manuscript books were written on Vellum and this material was used for some early printed books, but vellum was expensive and not available in sufficient quantity for the mass production of books. The introduction of the technique of making paper and the subsequent development of a European apermaking industry was a necessary condition for the widespread adoption of print technology.Although a number of people had previously attempted to make metal type or had experimented with individual woodcut letters, it was not until a technique was devised for producing metal type in large quantities at a rea sonable cost. This manifold the heading of a type-face and the production of molds used for making the individual pieces of type as well as the development of an alloy that was soft enough to contrive yet hard enough to use for printing.It was also necessary to develop suitable inks for printing with the new type. The water-based inks used for hand lettering and for block printing will not stick to metal type consequently a viscous oil based ink was required. Finally, a press was needed for transferring the image from type to paper. Precedents existed in the presses used for making wine, give up and paper and one of Johannes Gutenbergs innovations was to adapt these presses for the printing process. An operator worked a lever to increase and decrease the pressure of the block against the paper.The invention of the printing press, in turn, set off a revolution that is still in progress today. Look around wherever you are, and youll likely find potbelly of printed material, from business cards to brochures to books. Printing words and images on paper may seem like one of the more environmentally benign things that printing does, but that isnt necessarily the case. If you examine the life cycle of printed matter from turning trees into paper through the witchs brew of chemicals involved professional printing takes on a decidedly non-green hue.Typically, the process involves a variety of inks, solvents, acids, resins, lacquers, dyes, driers, extenders, modifiers, varnishes, shellacs, and other solutions. Only a few of these ingredients end up directly on the printed page. Many of the ingredients are toxic Silver, lead, chromium, cadmium, toluene, chloroform, methylene chloride, barium-based pigments, and acrylic paint copolymers. And thats mot all. Chlorine bleaching of paper is linked to cancer-causing water pollutants. chase away inks and solvents are usually considered hazardous.Bindings, adhesives, foils, and p nettic bags used in printing or packag ing printed material can render paper unrecyclable. And you thought it was practiced ink on paper. Not everyone defines green printing the same way and there is no standard of certification for what makes a printer green. thither are several things a printer can do to minimize the detrimental effects to the environment. In general, an environmentally minded printer should use the most eco-friendly papers available, reduce or eliminate toxic chemicals, bumble ink, and solvents.The printer should also be willing to use soy or other vegetable inks, educate customers about how to reduce a invents environmental impact. Green printing is on a roll, pathetic beyond small, do-good companies and activist groups to larger corporations and government agencies that have mandates to purchase greener goods and services. As demand for green printing has grown, so too has the number of printers offering such services. Many printers now days can recycle up to 98% of there wastes and more and m ore or doing just that. flavour magazine called the printing press the greatest invention in the last 1000 years.

Costco History

The History of Costco Wholesale DeAna Castro Wilmington University MGT 6501 Abstract Costco is a members only, international sell chain discount storage w atomic number 18house nine-spot. They combine high gear none swap with clinical depression prices. Costco began in 1976 as outlay Club and restructured in 1997 as Costco Wholesales. Costcos somersaultion, mission, and ethics arrest been the key to the steer membership wargonhouse retail giant to supply their clients with low prices. Their low cost occupation strategies and dedication to their employees, suppliers and sh arholders have ushern success. The History of CostcoThe floor of Costco began in July, 1976, in San Diego, California, and its name was legal injury Club. It was cofounded by Sol and Robert Price. The freshly intentional business was the kick forth warehouse business of its kind. This retail business origin aloney targeted new(prenominal) business owners, but blended retail and wholesale. Price Club had unbeat suitable low prices and sold bulk items. terce years later, 1979, Price Club grow two new locations. They acquired 200,000 members and profited 1 million dollars. Price Cub showed a loss of profits the first year, but the expansion proved profitable.Jim Sinegal is a key player to the success of Costco because he started his assister being mentored by Sol Price. He worked in the warehouse business at Price Club and a nonher warehouse business called Fedmart, both owned by Sol Price. ( railcardon). In 1983, Jim Sinegal and Jeff Brottman would unresolved their own warehouse club near Seattle Washington, and it was called Costco (Daft, 2012 pp. 605). One year later, Costco expanded to nine warehouses in five states. It was not long before Price Club realized they could pass bigr cliental if they served a selected audience of non-business members.This payed off by the year 1984, Price Club sales would be greater than one billion dollars and is the first company to ac hieve this mark in a six year period. Almost ten years later, 1993, Costco and Price Club, would merge and become PriceCostco. This merge was nicely matched because they were very similar in business model and size. The combined companies implicated 206 locations and generated $16 billion in annual sales. Jim Sinegal would as well as become Costcos chairman and chief executive (Priceviewer). The merger only lasted about four years and, in 1997, PriceCostco became Costco.Jim Sinegal remained President and chief executer (Carden, 2011). Costcos Mission statement To continually provide our members with quality goods and services at the lowest possible prices in order to achieve our mission we depart conduct our business with the following Code of moral philosophy in mind Obey the law, Take care of our members and our employees, and respect our vendors/suppliers. If we do these four things throughout our organization, then we will realize our ultimate goal, which is to reinforce o ur shareholders. Jim Sinegal. (Costco, 2011)Costcos operating philosophy is to keep costs down, and pass the savings on to their customers. To offer high quality put up name merchandise at prices below any other avenue of retail. They accomplish this some(prenominal) ways. They buy high volumes of merchandise in a flash from manufactures and not distributers. The merchandise is shipped directly to a selling warehouse and not a storage area, and this also reduces freight costs. Costco warehouses are located on sites where property costs are minimum not on high real estate locations. Merchandise, or stock, is placed directly on a selling floor and on the pallets that they are delivered on.By doing this, labor and handling, costs are reduced to save the customer money. Sales and service employees are kept at a stripped to also reduce overhead costs. Last, because Costcos has such an incredibly large membership base they have influence and power to haggle prices with their manufac turers and suppliers. Costco is able to offer lower prices and better values by eliminating virtually all the frills and costs historically associated with conventional wholesalers and retailers, including sales good deal, fancy buildings, delivery, billing and accounts receivable.We run a tight operation with extremely low overhead which enables us to pass on dramatic savings to our members. Jim Sinegal (corporate, 2012). Costco prides themselves as a leading warehouse/big box retailer. Sales volume exceeds that of their emulation and they use a consumer first business model. This business model is a creative way that has expanded sales. Costco has developed additional ways to cut across to save money for their customers. They did this by creating their own brand. Costcos personal brand is Kirkland Signature. Kirkland, Washingtons the root of Costco and is where their headquarters is located. Kirkland Signature brand was introduced to Costco stores in 1995. It was tendencyed to be equal or better quality than national brands. Kirkland Signature products include diapers, coffee, tires, clothing, film, housewares and more. (Priceviewer). Often, national brands are co- brands with Kirkland Signature products. Some manufactures realize the success and power of Costco and have agreed to manufacture products with the Kirkland Signature label. Some companies include Hanes and Whirlpool. Branch, 1999). Costco continues to prove their consumer first business model, through the creation of new and unique business concepts, included Costco Pharmacy (1986) Produce and Bakery (1987), Optical labs (1987), 1-Hour Photo (1989), earreach Aid Centers (1994), Costco Gas stations (1995), Costco business Centers (1996), Costco Travel (2000), Costco Home (2003), and Car Washes (2006) (Walker, 2011). Costcos structure and culture, meets customer necessarily further than low prices. Costco focuses on value of its products but also focuses on value of its employees.They believe that achieving a long term objectives of reducing employee turnover and enhancing employee ecstasy is beneficial. To accomplish this they hire employees at an above average hourly rate, they subscribe to and promote from within. Doing this, their employees feel loyalty and valued. Costco Continues to be financially prosperous directly and has expanded internationally. Their mission and ethics have proved to be successful and beneficial to all that the organization is involved with to include, customers employees, suppliers/vendors and stockholders.What does organizational design really mean? Have you considered how it squeeze out work outstrip? If yes, how? If no, why not? organisational design is a formal process for integrating people, information, and technology. Organizations are people that have a declaration of purpose, vision and strategy. This structure matches people to the purpose it seeks to achieve a common goal or purpose. It is designed to enhance communication, information, and resources to optimize human achievement. The end product is an integrated transcription of people and resources tailored to the specific direction of the organization.Organizational design basically is an effect of an administrative plan guided by a attractor/leaders. The design of the organization can work best if the people work together as a team. It will also work best, if the mission, vision, strategy, purpose and necessarily of the organization are identified and the goals are achievable. Organizations also work best if its leader understands, guides and assures the process is followed and encourages creative thinking. If their is not an effective leader who does not have a mission, vision, strategy and followers, the organization can and will fail.Costco has proven to have a successful organizational design. Describe the pickle of favored ways of thinking? How did it impact your thinking? In Organizations traps can be hazardous to their success. These traps can prohibit and restrict creativity, limits capabilities and limits ability to boost into the future. Some common traps are Group Thinking- Productive conflict is critical if common traits are shared in a group because it prevents stinking ideas from being implemented without discussion or consideration. Non productive conflict is not productive and can become a hostile situation.Group thinking is pervasive. We have never done it like this before If you ceaselessly do what you do, you always get what you got. Be courages and attempt change. Make sure to make means changes. Youre Gooder syndrome- Respect is over emphasized to their authorities and lacks candor, honesty and courage. subjective Culture When hiring employees is based on time, ore years of service and loyalty earlier than exceptional performance. Problems will arise. The leadership chain of command will be incompetent and will breed more incompetence. Arbitrary Directives and policies are find out by top m anagement.If decisions and policies are made with randomness and for unknown reasonableness then those are signs that indicates that the leader is disconnected and out of touch. This truly wedge my thinking because I was not aware and I learned legion(predicate) things It made so much since why organizations struggle, fail and succeed. It caused many flashbacks to my forces career, and also, my teachers, mentors and friends. When I think about this, in reference to Costco, any of these detain ways of thinking could have jeopardized their success. The Ugly Face often stifles an organizations growth. How? Did you stain to circumvent it in your design?The ugly pillowcase refers to organizations that exploit employees, the orbiculate economy, or the natural environment as instruments of domination that furthers selfish needs and dominance. Taking what they need and throwing or destroying what isnt needed. Whether by design or default, organizations often have a large negative im pact on our world. (Morgan,1998 pp. 261). Pollutants, poisons and other cancer create hazards are ingested or promoted by regimen and tobacco companies. Similar threats are caused from environmental pollutions that are legally and illegitimately dumped in water and land.Contaminated air, land and water hurt people causing cancer or other health problems and big corporations that cause these hazards are sometimes not penalized. These organizations place profits before human welfare. strange countries are easily manipulated by employment with hazards, disease, and degradation. Costco has circumvented many of the ugly face views by taking care or rewarding their customers, employees, and suppliers. They take care of their employees by giving them a substantially higher pay than other companies, they promote from within and they are rewarded and valued as people.Globally, Costco has expanded to unconnected countries and has provided employment and opportunities for others by creat ing employment, giving them higher above average salaries and valuing them as people with respect and appreciation. References Branch, S. (1999, 09 06). Inside the cult of costco. Fortune, 140(5), Retrieved from http//web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? emailprotected Cardon, B. (n. d. ). Costco company history. Retrieved from http//go words. com/article/Costco-Company-History/4651134 Costco Wholesale Corporation SWOT Analysis. 2011) Costco Wholesale Corporation SWOT Analysis. Daft, R. (2013). Organizational theory & design. (11 ed. , pp. 54-61). Canada South-Western, Cengage Learning. Walker, S. (2011, 05 16). The history of costco. Retrieved from http//www. vendor. com/_blog/VENDORCO_BLOG/post/The_Hisory_of_Costco Retrieved from http//www. costco. co. jp/eng/costco. htm Retrieved from http//phx. corporate-ir. net/phoenix. zhypertext markup language? c=83830=irol-homeprofile Retrieved from http//priceviewer. com/costco/costco. htm Retrieved from http//www. referenceforbusiness. com/h istory2/91/Costco-Wholesale-Corporation. html

Cloth vs Diapers

material Vs practiceable diapers.. Whats Best? Introduction Diapers have been employ by worldly concern throughout history. But, the word serviette did non originally refer to its use. Instead, the landmark originally referred to a fictitious character of cloth with a pattern of scummy repeated geometrical shapes. The first napkins were do of a special guinea pig of soft cloth cut in geometric shapes. The method of creating geometric shapes in cloth was called diapering, but it eventually gave the name of the cloth employ in making diapers back in 1590s in England. Diaper is used on children who argon not yet toilet trained to foil bed-wetting and to keep babies splutter clean and dry.While it was originally made of cloth material, some(prenominal) variations and improvements were made on the diaper resulting in the creation of useable diaper. inappropriate cloth diapers which fucking be washed and reused multiple times, usable diapers are thrown away after use ( Leverich). The boom of the spendable diaper industry suggests that it is more than than preferred by parents that its cloth counterpart. Parents choose what they compute is best for their spoil. Hence, period the use of usable diaper has become a trend, it actually has a number of disadvantages that may want parents to reconsider victimization cloth diapers.Health and Comfort One of the main reasons of use diapers is to provide value for the bodge by keeping their skin dry, healthy and free from rashes. get wetness irritates the babys skin and cause rashes. Cloth diaper is made from non-absorbent materials and thus it requires frequent diaper changes in order to keep the babys skin dry. Frequent diaper changes can be avoided when using disposable diaper since it consists of a superabsorbent substance called sodium polyacrylate that is capable of bewitching water up to 100 times its weight (OMara, 2003).Since disposable diapers gives a sense of dryness even after a few we ttings, parents can leave the disposable diapers on for hours. While disposable diaper is more favourable for the parents, studies have shown that it can cause a number of health problems to babies. A study published in the Journal of Pediatrics account that 54 portion of integrity-month old babies using disposable diapers developed rashes, while 16 percent developed severe rashes. Another study similarly suggests that disposable diaper increased the incidence of diaper rash from 7. percent to 61 percent. Diaper rash occurs with disposable diapers because even if it can ready large quantities of urine, the slightly wet materials that are against babys skin for hours can cause rashes (The New Parents chair, 2012). Moreover, disposable diaper is well-sealed and therefore prevents suitable circulation of air. It also traps the bacteria and ammonia that is produced when bacteria breaks down urine (OMara, 2003). It is probable that in terms of health and cherish, cloth diaper o ffers more comfort and helps keep the babys skin healthy. ConvenienceParents opt for disposable diapers principally for convenience. First, disposable diapers are thrown after use. Second, disposable diapers comes in genial secure and snap closures that keep it securely fastened and well-fitted. Some diaper lines also include wetness indicator that tells the parents when it is time to change. Indeed, versus the traditional cloth diaper, disposable diaper is more convenient. However, cloth diapers have evolved as well. Gone were the old age when cloth diapers are fastened by safety pins that could dangerously shaft of light the babys skin.Modern cloth diapers are as convenient as its disposable counterpart. Most cloth diapers are now featured with Velcro fasteners and some are fitted similar to disposable diapers, which makes diaper changes convenient and prosperous (Leverich). However, despite the innovations of cloth diaper, disposable diaper is tranquillise more convenient e specially during travels wherein soiled diapers can just be thrown and do not need to be carried along for washing (The New Parents Guide, 2012). CostCost is one of the factors that parents consider in choosing a diaper. Compared to disposable diaper, cloth diaper is more economical since it can be used again and again. Disposable diaper can cost as much as 32 cents per use compared to cloth diaper which only costs 5 cents per use. Washing the diapers yourself or even when using a laundry service will still result in significant savings (OMara, 2003). Moreover, the cloth diapers can be kept to be used as hand-me-down diaper for rising babies. Environment ImpactThe environmental impact of disposable diapers is one of the important reasons wherefore parents should use cloth diapers. While it could be argued that both types of diapers have the akin environmental impact because of the processes required to clean the soiled cloth diapers, disposable diapers have greater environmental impact. Considering the number of disposable diapers used and dispose every day, and the number of diapers that could be used by a single child from birth until toilet-trained, disposable diapers is indeed a significant red-blooded waste problem.Aside from being a burden in landfill sites, m disposable diapers are manufactured with wood pulp, which means that millions of trees are cut for its production. compose of pulp and plastics used in disposable diapers also use ototoxic chemicals such as dioxins (OMara, 2003). Conclusion Parents only want the best for their baby, including the type of diaper to use. The main purpose of a diaper is to keep the babys skin from wetness and keep it healthy. The ability of disposable diaper to experience wetness longer is the very reason why parents opt for this type.It seems that parents choose disposable diaper mainly for convenience, but tend to disregard the potential unfavourable impacts of disposable diapers on their babies. Disposabl e diaper allows longer contact among the babys skin and slightly wet materials may reach to rashes. The well-sealed disposable diaper is also an unhealthy environment as it promotes pedagogy of bacteria. While the greatest concern for parents is their babys health and not the environment, parents should be aware of the adverse impacts disposable diapers have on the environment. References Leverich, L.Cloth Diapers. Donald C. Cooper. OMara, P. (2003). Mothering Magazines Having a Baby, Naturally The Mothering Magazine Guide to Pregnancy and Childbirth. Simon and Schuster. The New Parents Guide (2012). Diapers, Diapers More Diapers Cloth vs. Disposable. Retrieved August 8, 2012, from http//www. thenewparentsguide. com/diapers. htm. Gentry, Pamela. (2010, January 23). Cloth Diapers Vs Disposable Diapers. Retrieved July, 29 2012, from http//www. livestrong. com/article/75705-cloth-diapers-vs. -disposable- diapers. Lehrburger, C. , J. Mullen and C. V.Jones. 1991. Diapers Environmenta l Impacts and Lifecycle Analysis. Philadelphia, PA Report to the National Association of Diaper Services (NADS). Stone, Janis and Sternweis, Laura. Consumer Choice Diaper Dilemma. Iowa State University University Extension. ID. 1401. 1994. Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http//www. rockwellcollins. com/daycare/pdf/pm1401. pdf Scott, Juila. (2011. October 3). Cloth vs. Disposable Diapers A Cost Comparison. Retrieved July, 16 2012, from http//www. mint. com/blog/consumer-iq/cloth-vs-disposable-diapers- a-cost-comparison-102011.

Reward system Essay

1. 1Executive summary pizza chantey is an Ameri nooky restaurant that offers different styles of pizza along with side dishes pasta, buffalo wings etc. it was founded in 1958 by the brothers Dan and Frank Carney in their hometown. And last mentioned on they expand their backing to any over the world. In Pakistan firstborn branch of pizza hutch was opened in 1993 in Clifton Karachi. It is the franchiser of MCR (MANZAR COORNAY RIAZ) (PVT) LTD that is forthwith owned by Habib Oil. MANZAR RIAZ was the first person who franchises the pizza hut.Overall it has 25 branches in all over the country. During the past four decades pizza field hut has built a reputation for excellence that has earned the respect of consumers in Pakistan. Building a leading pizza follow has required rigorous innovation, commitment to quality and dedication to customer service and value. We argon qualifying to study this nerve in three phases (Analysis phase, Design phase and performance phase). In Anal ysis phase, we argon going to examine the organization refinement, gear up of IT and globalization, study of company avenge dusts.In design phase we are going to modify company reward system and policies regarding organization sort towards its employees and customer dealing. In implementation phase we pass on introduce approximately changes in culture and behavioral policies 1. 2Company Profile * History Pizza hut is an American restaurant that offers different styles of pizza along with side dishes pasta, buffalo wings etc. it was founded in 1958 by the brothers Dan and Frank Carney in their hometown. And last mentioned on they expand their business to all over the world.* Vision The romance of the PIZZA sea chantey is that reach on the top of the peak to pull up stakes best service and taste & customer satisfaction * PIZZA shanty MISSSION STATEMENT We take pride in fashioning a accurate pizza and providing customer a helpful service on all the time. so that every cus tomer says I will be corroborate. 1. 3Organizational chart To be filled 1. 4Employee behavioral precaution policy The management system of PIZZA HUT is very strong. No person can deviate from his duties that cause problem.It is in the mission statement of PIZZA HUT that every boss has a boss. So a check prevails on all the employee and they dont derivate from their duties that cause any disturbance. 1. 5Methodologies used/business process * Customer satisfaction We listen and response to the voice of the customer. legal opinion in people We believe in people, trust in controlling intentions, encourage ideas from everyone and actively develop a workforce that is diverse in style and background. RecognitionWe find reasons to celebrate the achievements of others and have fun doing it. office I. We do what we say II. We are accountable III. We act like owners justice We take pride in our work and have a vexation for excellence. 1. 6 Scope of Work To be filled ANALYSIS signifier/ IDENTIFICATION PHASE 2. 2Study of effects of IT and globalization of the organization Now a days technology is improving so as baking and heating ovens will be of new and efficient technology and will provide efficient service.Due to new technology there are new ways of marketing like internet, telemarketing. With the help of internet Pizza hut can advertise their organization better (i. e. providing all nurture about their products to the customers just at one click). A telemarketing is excessively useful for Pizza hut in enhancing their business. A part from that Pizza Hut is using MIS (Managing information system) which is a computer based system and used to manage the data of the customer. 2. 4Identification of culture type and effects of culture on organizational performanceIf we analyze Pizza huts culture then we may say that Pizza Hut is an organization which presents the role culture. As everyone is assigned a role to do in the organization all the employees focus on th eir particular role as assigned to them by their avocation description and this should increase productivity for the company From top to bottom every one is participating in making Pizza Hut a successful organization. Either cure members or the manager is playing a role in the organization. 2. 5Analysis of organizational reward systems (monetary and non monetary)* Monetary rewards Reward System The system of pay and benefits used by the firm to reward workers * Flexibly at work * Holidays work allowance CHAMPS Program Pizza Hut introduce a new program, that is CHAMPS for check on worker and on the bases of this program they unwrap them bonuses. * C-clearness * H-hospitality * A-accuracy * M-maintenance * P-product quality * S-speed * Non- Monitory rewards 2. 8Study of managerial parley processes Managerial communication is the communication of the managers to their employees.And just like other organizations in Pizza Hut this communication is also a one way communication means entirely managers is allowed to give the order to his employees and it is compulsory to the employees as described in their job descriptions. On the other hand employee can give order to the managers he just have to listen and obey the order. This is the duty of the employee. 2. 9How many organizational benefits are provided by organizational management?

Indigenous Art, Music and Dance Essay

Imaginative, wileistic productionistic, captivating and go on pickings atomic number 18 a few words to describe the avowedly stunner of autochthonal Australian machination, medicinal drug and trip the light fantastic. These three aspects of the autochthonic goal atomic number 18 as well as fortune of the Torres Strait Island destination who together gravel up 2. 4% of the Australian population (Macklin, 2004). These people express their face-to-face experiences and the original Australian tarradiddle by means of finesse written report, dance and nervous strain. For example, an craft choke tack may be close to the creation of the land. practice of medicine bunghole deliver the sounds of the animals or the hunters and the dance be interpreted to the stealing of their children by dint of with(predicate) the stolen contemporaries period. Examine Art Art is an primal p cunning of the autochthonal finale as it has been passed on for generations. It is an important part of the assimilation because its emphasise on certain aspects on their hi chronicle. For example, the loony toons paintings begin been part of the natal Australians paintings hi base for thousands of years (Atkinson, 2008).Also, we must take into consideration that autochthonic Australian art is the oldest ongoing tradition of art in the world(Clarity Communications, 2007). thus qualification their art a treausred part of Autsralian polish. Other paintings that we see be contestation carvings, personify painting when the autochthonous people would have a ceremonies. altogether these art forms date underpin off more than 30,000years (Clarity Communications, 2007). The art work now is produced in a different variety but distributively peck of art work still shows the importance, diversity and richness of the endemic culture. divers(prenominal) art works bathroom tell different stories. These stories could be about the stolen generation, the huntin g, the land dying, the white people settling, the death of and elder or a close relative and the journey through an elders eyes. Elders utilise pane paintings and other(a)wise paintings such as mimi art which is an art about animals, hu macrocosm and be normally stick figures have no flesh. There is in getition roentgen ray art, a traditional style of art that is sh deliver through the slim bring up and showing the flesh inside the body. Rock art is other eccentric of natal art as it one of the most(prenominal) greens styles (Banakeem, 2012).It is through with(p) by carving the painting or figures into the rock or wall. torso art is in like manner a form of autochthonic art as body painting is passed out within strict conventions that be in the main connected to spiritual matters(Banakeem, 2012). This penning of art work dates back to the other(a) 20thCenturary and we poop analyse what this picture could mean by covering the followers keys Below be t he keys Meeting place Tavel Message Communities objet dart cleaning lady We atomic number 18 hanging st these key features because in groups of 3 or 4, you are to draw a piece of autochthonic art victimization the keys on the PowerPoint.Remeber e h symbol you ise must nominate a story. You are to tell a story. As you apprise see, the making of the art funda ment be fun but its never an easy task. As we have supplied you with the materials, the art was gathered from clay or orches. In construction this, we back end still enjoy the rich culture of our paintings, the Indigenous paintings. bounce spring was formed by the earliest Indigenous Australians and has been past crush from galore(postnominal) generations (Smitz, 2005). dancing is important to us now as we clear look at different ways to move, tell a story and be told a story.The movements vary compared to the movements we see in ballet, jazz or hip joint hop. The movements arent necessarily the jumping around and crawling on the floor- they allow in their instruments as well. This gathers in the Hollow log drum Sticks skag sticks grate drum These styles of movement include some of the tuneful instruments such as the the rigidly sticks, which are boomerangs being hit together, skin drums which is using your own body to hand a sound, hollow log drums which are a drummed molded and sticks which are use to hit against the body or can be used to hit against a hard object, for example, a manoeuvre or a rock (Smitz, 2005).To incorporate these instruments into the dance was to add other(prenominal) flutter so then the imitated bird or animals, could be shared (Chee, 2012). It is know that stresss and dance were exchanged often at adult observation gatherings (Atkinson, 2008). Often, the indigenous culture would perform to a higher stock(a) to enthrall the lymph node kinship group or to please the elders or enliven (Atkinson, 2008). passim these dancers, the elders would go on t ogether and analyse the performance and judge this government issue all themselves, by a spirit or by the tribes.These tribes would be reverent in the decision and t individually the winning tribe the dance that they had won or traded. Music Music is an important aspect of the Indigenous culture as they use it as inspiration for a painting, the setting illegitimate enterprise for a tribal chant and for observance reasons. The medicinal drug that is most ordinarily perceive is the didgeridoo. Th didgeridoo produces a sound when you use your mouth, lips, obtrude and cheeks. Smitz (2005) states that the didgeridoo is a musical instrument used for the conducting of ceremonies, however,the didgeridoo is contend by a man and it women at ceremonies (Smitz, 2005).This means that at ceremonies, the didgeridoo should only be played by men and not women. However, music was to be listened, and play by men, women and children. It was used to create tribe chants, musical backgrounds fo r a story Music was also used by both mens and women to create a tribe chants, musical backgrounds for elder stories and for religious purposes. The music brings an important part of the culture to a tip. The didgeridoo is the main component to completing the music for both Indigenous piece of music.When ceremonies occur, there is tradintionally one song and cardinal piece of music because the tribes need to appreciate the elder or elders. The song is the conterminous abuse bringing the tribe or tribes together through the tribes ceremonial song or chant. This is normally done towards the start of the ceremonies (Atkinson, 2008). tell To summarise, art, music and danced are important aspects of the indigenous culture. The art that is created by the Indgienous Australians tells a story. These stories are about the last, present and future.The Conflicting modification on 13 process 2013 71641 AM Describe Imaginative, artistic, captivating and go on taking are a few words to des cribe the square(a) beauty of Indigenous Australian art, music and dance. These three aspects of the Indigenous culture are also part of the Torres Strait Island culture who together make up 2. 4% of the Australian population (Macklin, 2004). These people express their person-to-person experiences and the Indigenous Australian history through art work, dance and song.For example, an art piece may be about the creation of the land. Music can interpret the sounds of the animals or the hunters and the dance be interpreted to the stealing of their children through the stolen generation period. Examine Art Art is an important part of the Indigenous culture as it has been passed on for generations. It is an important part of the culture because its emphatic on certain aspects on their history. For example, the dot paintings have been part of the Indigenous Australians paintings history for thousands of years (Atkinson, 2008).Also, we must take into consideration that Indigenous Austral ian art is the oldest ongoing tradition of art in the world(Clarity Communications, 2007). frankincense making their art a treausred part of Autsralian culture. Other paintings that we see are rock carvings, body painting when the Indigenous people would have a ceremonies. All these art forms date back more than 30,000years (Clarity Communications, 2007). The art work today is produced in a different variety but each piece of art work still shows the importance, diversity and richness of the Indigenous culture.Different art works can tell different stories. These stories could be about the stolen generation, the hunting, the land dying, the white people settling, the death of and elder or a close relative and the journey through an elders eyes. Elders used dot paintings and other paintings such as mimi art which is an art about animals, manhood and are normally stick figures have no flesh. There is also x-ray art, a traditional style of art that is shown through the ticklish bone and showing the flesh inside the body. Rock art is another type of Indigenous art as it one of the most reciprocal styles (Banakeem, 2012).It is done by carving the painting or figures into the rock or wall. Body art is also a form of Indigenous art as body painting is passed out within strict conventions that are primarily connected to spiritual matters(Banakeem, 2012). This piece of art work dates back to the early 20thCenturary and we can analyse what this picture could mean by believe the following keys Below are the keys Meeting place Tavel Message Communities globe Woman We are looking st these key features because in groups of 3 or 4, you are to draw a piece of indigenous art using the keys on the PowerPoint. Remeber e h symbol you ise must create a story.You are to tell a story. As you can see, the making of the art can be fun but its never an easy task. As we have supplied you with the materials, the art was gathered from clay or orches. In saying this, we can still enj oy the rich culture of our paintings, the Indigenous paintings. Dance Dance was formed by the earliest Indigenous Australians and has been past round off from many generations (Smitz, 2005). Dance is important to us now as we can look at different ways to move, tell a story and be told a story. The movements vary compared to the movements we see in ballet, jazz or hip hop.The movements arent necessarily the jumping around and crawling on the floor- they include their instruments as well. This gathers in the, skin drum, hollow log drum, tang sticks and sticks. These styles of movement include some of the musical instruments such as the the slap sticks, which are boomerangs being hit together, skin drums which is using your own body to make a sound, hollow log drums which are a drummed shaped and sticks which are used to hit against the body or can be used to hit against a hard object, for example, a tree or a rock (Smitz, 2005).To incorporate these instruments into the dance was to add another beat so then the imitated bird or animals, could be shared (Chee, 2012). It is known that songs and dance were exchanged often at large ceremonial gatherings (Atkinson, 2008). Often, the indigenous culture would perform to a higher standard to please the guest tribe or to please the elders or spirits (Atkinson, 2008). Throughout these dancers, the elders would come together and analyse the performance and judge this event either themselves, by a spirit or by the tribes.These tribes would be respectful in the decision and teach the winning tribe the dance that they had won or traded. Music Music is an important aspect of the Indigenous culture as they use it as inspiration for a painting, the background noise for a tribal chant and for ceremonial reasons. The music that is most commonly heard is the didgeridoo. Th didgeridoo creates a sound when you use your mouth, lips, nose and cheeks. Smitz (2005) states that the didgeridoo is a musical instrument used for the conduct ing of ceremonies, however,the didgeridoo is played by a man and it women at ceremonies (Smitz, 2005).This means that at ceremonies, the didgeridoo should only be played by men and not women. However, music was to be listened, and play by men, women and children. It was used to create tribe chants, musical backgrounds for a story Music was also used by both mens and women to create a tribe chants, musical backgrounds for elder stories and for religious purposes. The music brings an important part of the culture to a tip. The didgeridoo is the main component to completing the music for any Indigenous piece of music.When ceremonies occur, there is tradintionally one song and two piece of music because the tribes need to appreciate the elder or elders. The song is the next step bringing the tribe or tribes together through the tribes ceremonial song or chant. This is normally done towards the start of the ceremonies (Atkinson, 2008). Summarise To summarise, art, music and danced are im portant aspects of the indigenous culture. The art that is created by the Indigenous Australians tells a story. These stories are about the past, present and future.Dance is used to intimidate animals or other people to tells us a story and when music is played, its normally the didgeridoo whether its for ceremonial reasons or for other purposes. Conflicting modification on 13 March 2013 73501 AM Describe Imaginative, artistic, captivating and breathe taking are a few words to describe the true beauty of Indigenous Australian art, music and dance. These three aspects of the Indigenous culture are also part of the Torres Strait Island culture who together make up 2. 4% of the Australian population (Macklin, 2004).These people express their personal experiences and the Indigenous Australian history through art work, dance and song. For example, an art piece may be about the creation of the land. Music can interpret the sounds of the animals or the hunters and the dance be interpreted to the stealing of their children through the stolen generation period. Examine Art Art is an important part of the Indigenous culture as it has been passed on for generations. It is an important part of the culture because its emphasised on certain aspects on their history. For example, the dot paintings have been part of the Indigenous Australians paintings history for thousands of years (Atkinson, 2008).Also, we must take into consideration that Indigenous Australian art is the oldest ongoing tradition of art in the world(Clarity Communications, 2007). Thus making their art a treausred part of Autsralian culture. Other paintings that we see are rock carvings, body painting when the Indigenous people would have a ceremonies. All these art forms date back more than 30,000years (Clarity Communications, 2007). The art work today is produced in a different variety but each piece of art work still shows the importance, diversity and richness of the Indigenous culture.Different art work s can tell different stories. These stories could be about the stolen generation, the hunting, the land dying, the white people settling, the death of and elder or a close relative and the journey through an elders eyes. Elders used dot paintings and other paintings such as mimi art which is an art about animals, humans and are normally stick figures have no flesh. There is also x-ray art, a traditional style of art that is shown through the fragile bone and showing the flesh inside the body. Rock art is another type of Indigenous art as it one of the most common styles (Banakeem, 2012).It is done by carving the painting or figures into the rock or wall. Body art is also a form of Indigenous art as body painting is passed out within strict conventions that are primarily connected to spiritual matters(Banakeem, 2012). This piece of art work dates back to the early 20thCenturary and we can analyse what this picture could mean by viewing the following keys Below are the keys Meeting pl ace Tavel Message Communities Man Woman We are looking st these key features because in groups of 3 or 4, you are to draw a piece of indigenous art using the keys on the PowerPoint. Remeber e h symbol you ise must create a story.You are to tell a story. As you can see, the making of the art can be fun but its never an easy task. As we have supplied you with the materials, the art was gathered from clay or orches. In saying this, we can still enjoy the rich culture of our paintings, the Indigenous paintings. Dance Dance was formed by the earliest Indigenous Australians and has been past down from many generations (Smitz, 2005). Dance is important to us now as we can look at different ways to move, tell a story and be told a story. The movements vary compared to the movements we see in ballet, jazz or hip hop.The movements arent necessarily the jumping around and crawling on the floor- they include their instruments as well. This gathers in the Hollow log drum Sticks Slap sticks Skin drum These styles of movement include some of the musical instruments such as the the slap sticks, which are boomerangs being hit together, skin drums which is using your own body to make a sound, hollow log drums which are a drummed shaped and sticks which are used to hit against the body or can be used to hit against a hard object, for example, a tree or a rock (Smitz, 2005).To incorporate these instruments into the dance was to add another beat so then the imitated bird or animals, could be shared (Chee, 2012). It is known that songs and dance were exchanged often at large ceremonial gatherings (Atkinson, 2008). Often, the indigenous culture would perform to a higher standard to please the guest tribe or to please the elders or spirits (Atkinson, 2008). Throughout these dancers, the elders would come together and analyse the performance and judge this event either themselves, by a spirit or by the tribes.These tribes would be respectful in the decision and teach the winning tribe the dance that they had won or traded. Music Music is an important aspect of the Indigenous culture as they use it as inspiration for a painting, the background noise for a tribal chant and for ceremonial reasons. The music that is most commonly heard is the didgeridoo. Th didgeridoo creates a sound when you use your mouth, lips, nose and cheeks. Smitz (2005) states that the didgeridoo is a musical instrument used for the conducting of ceremonies, however,the didgeridoo is played by a man and it women at ceremonies (Smitz, 2005).This means that at ceremonies, the didgeridoo should only be played by men and not women. However, music was to be listened, and play by men, women and children. It was used to create tribe chants, musical backgrounds for a story Music was also used by both mens and women to create a tribe chants, musical backgrounds for elder stories and for religious purposes. The music brings an important part of the culture to a tip. The didgeridoo is the main component to completing the music for any Indigenous piece of music.When ceremonies occur, there is tradintionally one song and two piece of music because the tribes need to appreciate the elder or elders. The song is the next step bringing the tribe or tribes together through the tribes ceremonial song or chant. This is normally done towards the start of the ceremonies (Atkinson, 2008). Summarise To summarise, art, music and danced are important aspects of the indigenous culture. The art that is created by the Indigenous Australians tells a story. These stories are about the past, present and future. Music is part.

Reflection Paper on Sensory Evaluation

Corook, Mark Lester F. 2009-17733 FS 131 formulation Paper The journal clause Sensory diet science in the changing society Opportunities, urgencys, and challenges written by Hely Tuorila and Erminio Monteleone is about the trends in sensorial food science showing its history and its evolution over the historical 15-20 years. The progress in research methods and instruments were also presented in the article. Also, it talked about the logical implication of sensory military rank to the food industry, and the future opportunities and challenges in the line of business.The topic was a good one and is relatable to FS 131. As a Food Technology student, this article is of great help on appreciating the course and the role of sensory food science to the industry. According to Tuorila and Monteleone, sensory food science has extensive plump to food production and marketing no food or beverage is worth producing and marketing without at least an approximate idea of the acceptabili ty of its sensory quality. I strongly believe this statement since I theorise that consumer perceptions are highly applicable to commercial success of foods and beverages.By infering the article, I realized that sensory evaluation is of great value to both the tactical and strategic research goals of the food industry. A brief history of the field was also presented in the paper. Pangborn (1989) stated that sensory food science evolved from the motive for scientifically sound sensory evaluation of foods. By reading this journal, I realized that sensory evaluation is really related to the behavioural sciences, such(prenominal) as psychology, and to biology, nutrition and heath sciences.I also realized that sensory evaluation functions like chemical, physical and microbiological characterisation of products. As I read the trends in the field, I realized that the research methods have grown immensely. I read from the article that for sensory evaluation to be scientifically sound, many skills and instruction are required. But sadly, not all of us appreciate this fact. impudently methods and instruments were summarized in a big table. It can be seen that computers played an meaning(a) part on the progress of these methods.They are truly important since they contract data entry more convenient and less prone to errors. Also, earnings is also an essential part of the development due to its use in data collection for various sensory tests (home use tests, online FGDs). I recognized the potential of the discipline to enhance liking for healthy foods. New foods for the cant over control market naturally require sensory testing and consumer bankers acceptance research. Also, I believed that sensory research is a necessary tool in defining optimal sensory meetties of a product. I realized the import of sensory evaluation to catering services.Sensory evaluation can be employ to gather systematic sensory information across cultural preferences and to fruc tify acceptable options. Thus, the discipline helps in understanding the character of cuisines of different populations, which is very essential for businesses. Also, through reading the paper, I realized that there are great opportunities for sensory research and that in our changing society, new issues relevant to sensory science are likely to emerge. Thus, I see the need for high level basic training and opportunities for college students to specialize in the field, and proper funding for sensory research.

“Explain the concept of homeostasis with reference to the control of heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature and blood glucose levels” Essay

Homeostasis is where the torso gets a constant internal environment. This involves altogether the metabolic processes taking place In the clay as well as the declivity, tissue fluid and wholly the contents in the bodys cells. on that point are a range of variables from bosom of attention prize to the rail line glucose levels that the body pull up stakes chair into account. Negative feedback go off occur when something changes from its normal in the body.The body indeed leave do back with a response to back endcel surface(a) the difference to bring it back to its normal. An casing of this is if blood glucose level falls the body volition hence convert the glycogen in the body to glucose which pass on bring back the energy in the cells to its normal amount. This dust requires receptors so that they are able to detect the change in your body. As well as receptors it in any case occupys a mastery centralize so that the information that has just been receiv ed rout out be neat to hence give the correct response of what the body should do.Most of the control oculuss can be assemble in the foreland. It leave alone also unavoidableness effectors so that after the change has happened and the body is back to normal it can reverse the change to keep the body at its original state. The learning ability and the central dying(p) governing body controls something called the homeostatic mechanisms. This is when they anticipate whether there may be a surface or a fall compared to that of the normal. An character of this is the printing of being ratty or tired this is a precede of having not eaten for a sufficient period of time.This has and then been sent as a message to the intelligence which your brain al down in the mouth then regulate you to eat so that the energy you get from the nutrients in your food provide counteract those feelings and make them disappear. As this is an anticipation from the central nervous system an d the brain it is called feed forward as it hasnt happened yet. Heart cropThe heart is regulated by impulses produced by nerves acting on the sino-atrial node (S-A node). These nerves are called sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sino-atrial node is found in the upper part of the right atrium it is made up of a cluster of excitable cells. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are both branches that come off the automatic nervous system which controls the heart. The parasympathetic nervous system- This is a calming system as it is active darn the heart is resting. It causes the heart to beat slower than it would normally.The main nerve involved is the nervus vagus nerve without it the heart rate would increase. The sympathetic nervous system- This occurs when the body is feeling stressed. As a moment of it, it causes the heart to beat faster it also adds a boost to the hormone adrenaline which occurs during fear. The nerves involved in this system is called th e cardiac nerves.The sino-atrial node releases nerve impulses that are sent crossways the atrial muscle fibres which causes them to contract. Cells that form the atrio-ventricular node (A-V node) catch those impulses which are then relayed to a band o conducting tissue. This tissue is made from large limited muscle cells that are called Purkinje fibres. So that the atria can complete their contractions and allow the atrio-ventricular valves to death there may be a delay for the transmission to come through. The valves of the hear are found on a fibrous figure-of-eight.It is centred among the atrial and the ventricular muscle masses. The first part of the conducting tissue willing enable the excitatory impulses to be able to cross to the ventricles. It will then split into both sides of the ventricular septum where it will then spread out into their muscles. They pass extremely quickly which result in them contracting which forces the blood to travel around the body to the organs that need it. Breathing rateTo control your breathing there is a respiratory control centre this again is located in the brain stem. This will observe the levels o century dioxide and group O in your blood. It also makes sure that your breathing rest at a steady rate which will maintain equipoise as well as homeostasis In the body. Most of the time you striket have to think about your breathing at all or how you control it as your brain does it automatically for you.However in some cases in aerobic activity you control your breathing for exemplification in Pilates when instructed through each stretch you get told when to inhale and croak during the engagements. Saying that if the oxygen levels go down below a indisputable point your brain will override your control and make you breathe. During exercise or any physical activity that require more oxygen than normal.The oxygen in your blood will decrease while the century dioxide in the blood will increase. When the respirato ry control centre in the brain realises that the levels arent normal as a result it will increase the heart rate and the breathing rate to counteract it. The brain will slow the heart rate and breathing rate in one case the exercise has stopped this will make sure that it maintains the homeostasis in the blood. eyepatch resting your breathing is at a steady rate. This means that there will be the right amount of oxygen in the blood on the inhale as a result the right amount of carbon dioxide will come out the blood in exhale. Body temperatureonce more the brain controls the body temperature. Specifically in the brain it is the hypothalamus processing centre that controls the exact temperature the body is. The brain will trigger changes to the effectors around the body for example to the sweat glands . If the body temperature is not maintained then it can either become overly cold resulting in hypothermia or likewise hot resulting in heat stroke either can be fatal.On average your normal body temperature is 37C. Our body maintains this temperature by balancing the heat we generate compared to the heat we lose in familiar life. Saying that not our whole body is 37C for example are fingers and toes remain at a lower temperature as a result of the energy being lost from the blood while travel to the tips. There are temperature receptors in our splutter which once detects change in the external temperature will send a message to the hypothalamus in the brain. once more in the hypothalamus processing centre (brain) which will detect the changes in temperature of the blood. There are 2 ways in which the brain tells the body to keep its temperature at 37C.The first one is if someone is really cold then the hair on the contend if the hair is on ends then it will trap more warmth compared to if it is flat on the skin. The punt one is if someone is really hot then the glands on their skin secrete sweat which increases the loss of heat when it evaporates, as a res ult it cools the body down, It slows back down when the body temperature returns to normal. During vasodilatation the warm blood will flow closer to the surface of the skin so that the heat will be able to transfer into the air. As a result of this the skin will become redder. During vasoconstriction which is where the blood vessels that supply war blood constrict, as a result this will reduce the blood flow in turn this will reduce the heat that can be lost. In this case their skin will look pale. Blood glucoseThis involves the kidneys keeping the body of water supply balance at the correct level of water in and out of the body. This will ensure that that the cells in our body work efficiently. The kidneys is where the blood gets filtered while passing through, these molecules are made up from water, glucose, salt and a bodge product called urea. It then will reabsorb what the body needs which includes glucose salts and water back into the blood.It then travels around the body. The products that havent been fully listless are excreted from the body. It mainly consists of urea but there may be left over water glucose and salts that the body doesnt need. In the brain the pituitary gland controls how much ADH is produced and released into the bloodstream which as you live travels to the kidneys to get filtered. Which in turn controls the concentration of urine. It also checks the concentration of blood plasma.When there isnt enough water in the body the hypothalamus will detect it and send a message to the pituitary gland which will then release the ADH hormone, this will ensure that the urine is more concentrated resulting in less water, this will be maintained by the kidneys. As a result the water levels in the blood will return to normal. Cells make their energy from the glucose in the body this is why glucose levels need to be regulated tightly. As a result of this if there is too much glucose in the body may lead to diabetes 2, if too low it may lead t o starvation of the body.In the body there are many reasons for the rise and fall of the glucose levels. For example digestion after a repast and the production of insulin by the liver these both lead to a rise in the glucose levels. An example of a fall in glucose levels is the transportation of the cultivated cabbage into the cells as well as the loss of glucose through the urine. The regulation of the glucose levels relies on a variety of things from molecules to organs and cell types. BibliographyEdexcel Level 3 health and Social Care Bookhttp//www.ehow.com/how-does_5101742_describe-regulation-blood-glucose-levels.html

Rehab vs Retribution Essay

I negate the resolution which secernates Resolved Rehabilitation ought to be precious above retaliation in the United States turn fairishice formation. The hold dear for this round will be judge, where everyone accepts what they ar due. In order to grant a criterion for which to judge the value, as well as a way to achieve my value, the value- criteria shall be retribution, where the penalisement of an individual is more frequently than non weighted by the somberness of the crime that they committed. This is not to endorse that the legal expert system is justified in bewilderting our criminals through torturing torture and interrogations in order to ensure that they never commit a crime away of fear. However, this means that retribution makes more sense than replenishment and thus should not be valued less than rehab. Note By negating, I can say that retribution is just as semiprecious as rehab, just not less valuable? Contention single The retribution system o nly serves criminals what they are due in deport for their actions. A Retribution is not the same as r unconstipatedge.Background and mountThe criminal justice system comprises many distinct stages, including arrest, prosecution, trial, sentencing, and punishment (quite very much in the form of imprisonment). As will become clear, it is in the extreme ii of these many stages that the debate over rehabilitation and retribution is of particular(prenominal) significance. It is a very serious mistake to think that the retributive exaltation in the criminal justice system is about avenging, retaliation or payback. Rather, it is an extremely sophisticated idea that often forms the basis of, and arguably is even the leading indication of, a developed sentencing system. The term retribution is and then unfortunate because its everyday meaning connotes revenge it is better described as desert, just deserts or proportionality theory. The debate amidst rehabilitation and retribution involves two broad questions ideologically, which is the more satisfactory justification for punishment and practically, which can serve as a more useful guide for sentences and other agents in the criminal justice system?B RETRIBUTIVE IS NOT THE SAME AS REVENGEPojman, 04 Louis P. Pojman, PhD, Professor emeritus of Philosophy at West Point Military Academy, in an show titled Why the Death Penalty is Morally Permissible, from Adam Bedaus 2004 agree titled Debating the Death Penalty Should America Have Capital penalisation? The Experts on Both Sides Make Their Best Case, wrote People often discombobulate retribution with revenge Vengeance signifies inflicting harm on the offender out of anger because of what he has done.Retribution is the rationally supported theory that the criminal deserves a punishment fitting the gravity of his crime Retribution is not based on hatred for the criminal (though a olfactory modalitying of vengeance may accompany the punishment). Retribution is the theory that the criminal deserves to be penalize and deserves to be punished in proportion to the gravity of his or her crime, whether or not the victim or anyone else desires it. We may all deeply trouble having to carry out the punishment, but consider it warranted.When a society fails to punish criminals in a way thought to be proportionate to the gravity of the crime, the danger arises that the in the public eye(predicate) would take the law into its own hands, resulting in vigilance man justice, lynch mobs, and private acts of retribution. The outcome is likely to be an anarchistic, insecure state of injustice. http//deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001004 When you are a little kid, your mother most likely put you in time-out when you did something wrong. We stool been taught all our lives, then, that there is a outlet for every action, whether that action is incorrupt or immoral, conformed to the guidelines of society or looked rectify upon by so ciety. Teenage life and adult life is no unlike- heap must be made aware of effects that what they do have on other people. Retribution is the answer. B Retribution restores justice.RETRIBUTION REQUIRES yet THE RESTORATION OF JUSTICEBudziszewski, 04 J. Budziszewski, PhD, Professor of Government and Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin, in an Aug./Sep. 2004 OrthodoxyToday.org article titled Capital punishment The Case for referee, wrote caller is justly ordered when each person receives what is due to him. Crime disturbs this just order, for the criminal takes from people their lives, peace, liberties, and worldly goods in order to give himself unmerited benefits. Deserved punishment protects society morally by restoring this just order, fashioning the wrongdoer pay a price equivalent to the harm he has done. This is retribution, not to be confused with revenge, which is guided by a different motive.In retribution the spur is the virtue of indignation, which answers injury with injury for public good Retribution is the primary subroutine of just punishment as such. The reasons for saying so are threefold. First, just punishment is not something which force or might not requite evil requital is precisely what it is. Second, without just punishment evil cannot be requited. Third, just punishment requires no warrant beyond requiting evil, for the restoration of justice is good in itself For these reasons, rehabilitation, protection, and intimidation have a lesser status in punishment than retribution they are secondary http//deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001004 Contention Two Retribution helps deter crime.Barton, 99 Empowerment and Retribution in Criminal and Restorative Justice, Professional Ethics, A Multidisciplinary Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3/4, Fall/Winter 1999, 28 Selected paper from the 1999 Conference of the Australian Association for Professional and Applied Ethics, Charles Barton, Pages 111-135 Restorative just ice critiques of the status quo in criminal justice often miss their point out because of the mistaken belief that current practice in criminal justice is essentially, or predominantly, retributive. What is being overlooked is that restorative justice responses often persuade retributive and punitive elements themselves and sometimes, such as in serious cases, unavoidably so. (Barton 1999, Ch. 10) Therefore, blaming retribution, or even punitiveness, for the ills of the criminal justice system is largely beside the point.Punishment and retribution cannot be ruled out by any system of justice. By implication, a more plausible critique of the status quo is indispensable More generally, even if the threat of punishment is no longer a hitch to a relatively small number of repeat offenders, that does not mean that the prospect of punishment, such as imprisonment, for instance, is not a deterrent to the majority of people who otherwise might be more tempted to dislodge the law and v iolate the rights of others in pursuit of their own goals and interests. At best, the evidence on this point is inconclusive, but the phenomenon of sharp increases in mindless vandalism, looting, and force-out by otherwise law abiding citizens when they feel that they can get away with it, should cause us to re-think the wisdom of rejecting punishment altogether.Contention tercet Victims must be taken into consideration present and future If victims feel that justice has not been served, then self help will be sought out, putting more people in danger and change magnitude the overall crime rate. SELF HELP IS SOUGHT OUT WHEN be PUNISHMENT IS NOT ENACTED In Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976), the US Supreme Court in a 7 2 decision written by Justice Potter Stewart, JD, stated Gregg v. Georgia, 1976 The death penalty is said to serve two principal social purposes retribution and deterrence of capital crimes by future offenders. In part, capital punishment is an expression of s ocietys moral outrage at particularly 66boffensive conduct.This function may be unsympathetic to many, but it is essential in an ordered society that asks its citizens to rely on legal processes, rather than self-help, to vindicate their wrongs The instinct for retribution is part of the constitution of man, and channeling that instinct in the administration of criminal justice serves an important purpose in promoting the stability of a society governed by law. When people bring to believe that organized society is unwilling or unable to enforce upon criminal offenders the punishment they deserve, then there are sown the seeds of revolution of self-help, vigilante justice, and lynch law. http//deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001004 Although the general public is not in a position to determine the fate of every single incarcerated person there is in the U.S., their interests must still be taken into account when attackers and abusers are put in to prison.

Yeshu

The most important point being that the natural eternal sleep in an ecosystem is maintained. This balance may be disturbed due to the portal of new species, the sudden death of some species, natural hazards or unreal causes. In this field trip we go away explore how human cosmos and developing affects the ecological balance. Take time to explore this site as your gateway to the world of bionomics. It has interesting articles and facts. There are features such as the Environmental Timeline that shows how there were different concerns ab divulge the environment throughout istory.The environmental impact of struggle is an interesting article on how preparation of war and warfare leads to environmental losses. The carpet bombing of the lush green forests during the Vietnam war lead to the loss of habitat of m any species. Special features on population and the environment show how population has change magnitude from the industrial age and how it will affect the environment. T here are additional resources for higher classes. In the hold of development, we remove trees and vegetation, change how we use and, and keep expanding paved areas.All these not merely affect the soil ecology, but likewise the water balance. Increased urbanisation also requires more water to feed the citys population and industry, often requiring deeper and deeper rise up to be drilled or water to be moved from however more distant locations. Increase of pavement area not lonely lessens the amount of water vapour that transpires back from the vegetation but also contributes to groundwater pollution if the salt used to melt road ice were allowed to outpouring into the natural drainage system.Visit this site for a detailed look at water as a precious resource and how human development affects water and its ecosystem. It is dedicated to Water Day. To understand how human population and increased developmental activities affect the ecosystem, there are live examples all over the world. Armenia is one such example of what is happening to the ecosystem because of increased population and developmental activities. Over the last 1,000 years human impacts on the land arrive increased, mainly through deforestation and increased use of pastures.Such problems have step up over recent years with unprecedented population growth and urbanisation since 1920, resulting in increased human impacts not only on case-by-case species, but also on whole ecosystems. Read the article on this site and you will consciously become aware of what unchecked industrial development and urbanization could do to your region. The fast pace of development has led to many unwanted results. Exotic species get destroyed taster than we mint discover them and ancient ecosystems are getting isturbed in our scientific explorations.Find out about amazing facts on human impact on oceans, toxins, and a good deal more as you explore this site for environmental education on the web. It is designe d primarily for kids, but the features and articles are good reading for any grade. There are also handy tips on what you can do to help protect the environment and ideas on how you can start an ecology club in your neighbourhood. Visit the resources given on the Ecology and keen Links pages to know more about this science.

Thesis (Point of Sale System)

CHAPTER I demonstration Our belief at the beginning of a doubtful undertaking is the wiz thing that assures the successful come forthcome of anyventure Starting up sm exclusively taskes is a risky venture, particularly for first- sentence entrepreneurs. Taking a awake approach and starting sm both is the best way to launch a sm totally agate line. Entrepreneurs should avoid investing so much(prenominal) of their personal m hotshot(a)y that they would be financially ruined should the small- worry venture fail.Starting a service business organisation allows a skillful entrepreneur with a specialized background to take advantage on his skills to the fullest potential, nightimes earning more than they could work as an employee plying the same trade. They very much doing more of the same things that make them successful in the first stupefy and so atomic number 18 the humble beginnings of LNKS. They be the first t-shirt lineage in their place. June 2010 LNKS was built at Dona Erika Brgy. Zone 2, Talisay City by Achilles Palma, Christian Sausa, Rodzil Camato, Mary Ver Libo-on and Shiera Mae Tuting, group of friends since they were in college.The primary target of the business is the schools that besiege the establishment and withal the near offices, ho mathematical functions, community and passersby from different cities. The harvest-festivalions of this business be produced to meet the utilizationers hot life style, sense of render and expectations for better quality slight expense t-shirts. Method of transportation is provided to serve an efficient distri furtherion of the products to the respective nodes. Promotion and advertisement of our products is applied. The investors ar the owners of this business and it is now successfully booming in the industry.Honesty and originalism is what the owners believe that grounds the business prevail still for a long time. LNKS is using manual re importants in all exploits and its hard f or the cashier beca occasion it is time go through and through and sometimes mistakes preservet be avoided. 1. 1 Organizational reach LNKS is an exciting stark naked business that allows people to custom radiation diagram a shirt, specifically the design on the front or back. LNKS allow for rule the power of calculating machine sublimation to allow custom shirt printing in production runs as small as one unit.The company was erected uttermost(a) June 2010 by Achilles Palma, Christian Sausa, Rodzil Camato, Mary Ver Libo-on and Shiera Mae Tuting, LNKS shake up a insertfront in Talisay City as well as a comprehensive website that advertise their products. Imagine the readiness to create a broad(a)ly custom shirt. You get the material and style of the shirt, and consequently the image or graphic you motive on the front and/or back. This is the ultimate mastermind of expression. There are no limits to what you shtup communicate. Some people might show their zealotry for a particular sports team, others a musician or you might deplete a social message or cause on your shirt.Whatever you may decide,you elicit print any image on your shirt because its not just a shirt its who you are. 1. 2 caller Mission and Vision Mission LNKS exit offer the finest in custom shirt sublimation production, the best product at the best impairment and lymph glands expectations go forth always be exceeded. Vision A company that shareholders, clients and society unavoidableness with trustworthy leading brands for our consumers and nodes preferred provider. 1. 3 Unit explanationGraphic Designer weather vane Developer Owner/ Manager Accountant client Services employment SupervisorOperation lag Staff gross revenue Marketing Fig. 1. 0 Organizational Chart Description The owner/ tutor is the proprietor of the business. The owner hired a manager to run the business without him or without his supervision or supervise the business himself. The graphic design er supervisor is the one in charge in making all the designs and plans. The web developer is the one who is in charge in doing the advertisement or develop a website for the business as online presence. productionion supervisor is the one who supervise if the products meet the supply and demands of the customer.Accountant is the one who does all the financial statement of the company, do the auditing if the business is gaining or losing. gross revenue agreements trade are the people who let the business be known in the market they do the advertisement or do some intro to make the business more popular for the consumer. Operation staff is the one in charge in the operation and the one who make conclusion on what to do or not if there is a task occur. Who make sure that all(prenominal)thing in the operation or in the build is doing good, he is withal in charge on those machines and equipments being employ if it is still good to utilize for or not or remove a replacement. node service is the people who answer customers complaints and queries. Staffs make sure that boththing was polished and products are ready to market. 1. 4 authentic outline Description LNKS is using manual ashes for selling products. Every time there is a buyer, the seller still writes anything from recording gross revenue to recognises. periodic stock-take were based on sales enter in every relationss. list takes a lot time to discern the resolution because recorded transactions need to be re beguileed first since sometimes computer error cannot be avoided. The manual musical arrangement consumes a lot of time and it is laborious for the cashier. . 5 on-line(prenominal) info Flow plot Items expound communicate 0 Manual POS Verification of feat Client shatter broadsheets bloodlineing Items to be purchased Fig. 2. 0 condition Data Flow draw of the Current carcass This illustrates the Data Flow diagram of the Walk-in/ assemble exertion of the Current Syst em. The cycle shows how the transaction works out. As the customer enter the enclose he/she go away choose from the products then it leave alone pass through the cashier were all the info/ bill impart be calculated and written down and bills mustiness be nonrecreational before customer gets the product/s. . 0 Verification of ingathering crossing study Cashier Product Client 2. 0 Calculating of Bills Bills culture Account Details 3. 0 Payment of Bills Bill/Payment know and buyd Product/s 4. 0 Issuance of Receipt Fig. 3. 0 low gear salvo Data Flow Diagram of Walk-In Transaction of the Current System This explosion shows the go into transaction. Transaction starts when the customer enters the shop. As he/she chooses a product it leave behind go through the cashier. Product leave alone be first verified while the cashier writes everything into a account book and receipt.Bills depart be calculated manually or calculator go forth be apply. After calculating the custo mer pays the bill and gets his/her receipt and product/s. 4. 0 Issuance of Receipt 3. 0 Paying of Partial/ large Payment 2. 0 Calculation of Bills 1. 0 Verifying of Products Product Stocks Items Information Product Client Cashier Bills Information Account Details Bill/Payment Claim Slip Claim Slip Receipt and Purchased Product/s Finished Product/s 5. 0 Issuance of Product/s Fig. 4. 0 starting time Explosion Data Flow Diagram of station Transaction of Current SystemThe only difference between walk-in and mold transaction is that found customer could pay partial or full and products leave behind be given on the date hold. 1. 6 Proposed Data Flow DiagramVerification of Transaction Cashier 0 Automated POS Receipt Client Item/s to be purchased sales Fig. 5. 0 Context Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System This illustrates the Data Flow Diagram of the Walk-in/ roam Transaction of the Proposed System. The cycle shows how the transaction works out on indicated corpse. As the cust omer enter the store he/she will choose from the products then it will pass through the cashier were the sales happen. sales include the arousalting of info, calculating and payment of bills which all happens on the system. Printed receipt and product/s will be given afterwards but for the order transaction products will be delivered or fetch on the agreed date. 1. 0 gross sales Product Information Product Client Cashier 1. 3 Payment of bills 1. 1 Verification of Product Account Details 2. 0 Issuance of Receipt Receipt and product/s Purchased Bills Information 1. 2 Calculating of bills Bill/Payment Fig. 6. 0 First Explosion Data Flow Diagram of Walk-in Transaction of the Propose System.This illustrates the little Data Flow Diagram of Walk-in Transaction of the Proposed System. On proposed system everything will be easy and prompter because all you/cashier have to do is to input info into the system and the system works everything for you/cashier. As the customer chooses a pro duct/s, cashier input the date and quantity, he/she chooses on the product list price self-movingally appear, system calculates the total criterion and receipt will be printed out. Then product and receipt will be given to the customer. Product Product Stocks 1. 0 deals Inventory Cashier ClientProduct Information 2. 1 Verification of transaction 2. 0 cut-rate sales Bills Information 3. 0 Issuance of receipt Receipt 2. 2 Calculating/ payment of bills Receipt 3. 0 Issuance of products Products Fig. 7. 0 First Explosion Data Flow Diagram of the Order Transaction of the Current System This illustrates the detailed Data Flow Diagram of the Order Transaction of the Current System. Walk-in and order transaction is almost the same. First is that the customer chooses from the list of product and gives hited information or requests while the cashier input those data into the system.System will calculate everything for the cashier and as the customer pays the bill, customer will just wait for the delivery of the purchased products on the date agreed. CHAPTER II task Charter This chapter discusses the strategies being done by the proponent that do them came out with the idea of improving the manual operations inside the business. This chapter also includes the problem statements and the objectives of the realize. 2. 2 Statement of the Problem The lists of problems of the modern system utilize of the business are as follows . Consumes a lot of time on writing every single detail in each transactions. 2. freeing of documents because of un secure storage imputable to paper works and ledger. 3. Incorrect/unreliable leave alone of inventory depending on manual list. 2. 1 Project Objective The tiny objectives of the proposed menses of Sale System are as follows 1. Make every transaction easy and hurrying because cashier will just input data to the computer. 2. To avoid loss of information/data of transaction because of secure storage and backups are available. 3. To have an accurate total inventory because of automatic calculation of sold/unsold products. 2. 3 Scope and Limitation The main concern of this project is the daily transactions and inventory of LNKS. The purpose of this project is to solve the problem about manual transaction. POS helps LNKS in recording sales, inventory, says and printed gain. The POS will be a militant advantage to business competitors. 2. 4 Project Vision clients want a faster transaction and that is the LNKS foreland of Sale. Records of data are manageable, reliable and well-organized for inventory. 2. 5 Business ConstraintsAll of them are in estimation of the project proposal of Point of Sale of LNKS. nevertheless we cant avoid diffidence like having employees who isnt comfortable or utilize to of using computer yet they are willing to undergo training. Because we are now in a computer fatherd world customers will surely approve because it will make every transactions faster and reliable. 2. 6 Project strategy The company studied to find out the problem and gather some suggestion for the betterment of the transaction of the company. The company considers the affect of manual transaction to the cashier and inventory.Company even interacts with other company to mobilize the current system for transaction. The planmer decided to use Microsoft Visual Studio and feeler for database to turn back track on every data inputted in the Point of Sale System. Programmers studied every corner of the manual transaction for them to know and to numeral out what are the problems to be solved and applied in the Point of Sale System. CHAPTER III Re look at of Related literary productions This chapter contains different companies that use POS system in their businesses. The proponents are eager to put forward the capability of the proposed system.In copulation to that this chapters contents will give the proponents ideas on how to optimize and enhance the system that they would like to have for the benefits of user, employees, the business and the clients. 3. 1 Local Literature E. C. PAY Through the years, E. C. Pay has produced several products and services that catered to the needs of its merchant clients. Several of these noteworthy achievements include real-time loading of air-time cr switch offs, bills payment, electronic pins, retail merchant loading, and POS integration services. Features Technological Conveniences Simple, user-friendly and robust system * electronic dispensing of e-pins done real-time (i. e. practical(prenominal)ly unlimited variety of postpaid invoice products can be made available) * multi-platform solution enables merchants to select an option adapted to their current business practice and operating procedures * E. C. Pays time-tested prepaid virtual wallet system allows for a liquid inventory so that merchants are no longer saddled with the equal of unsold or non-moving products * Updates for new products and services are done centra lly by E.C. Pay so there is no need to update the storefront for any modify * Real-time Settlement and Reconciliation * Automated Back-office Billing * Daily / hebdomadal / Monthly reports are sent to the merchants in their preferred formats. * Replenishment is made simpler by loading through other E. C. Pay accredited merchants. embody Savings / transmited Revenue * reducing/ voiding of opportunity losses resulting from stock-outs and over-stocks * Reduction/elimination in prepaid inventory-related costs a) Handling, b) Receiving, c) Storing, and ) Delivery * Reduction/elimination of pilferage/theft of prepaid products * Additional revenues arising from other products and services aside from prepaid loading * Additional revenues from advertising and promotions, and partner-sponsored promos and events Security * Various Encryption methodologies are employed generously throughout every possible process to hold the safe storage and delivery of services * E. C. Pays NOC is safely secured in IBM shopping centre in Eastwood and is redundant in another VITRO location. * Advanced feedback (i. e. se of inform flags in reconciliation reports to alert clients on potential settlement problems) * Provides feeler gibes for various levels of Web bother within a single client * Full audit trails are disclosed and made available to client merchants on their transactions 7-ELEVEN 7-Eleven Food stores migrate to NEC Point-of-Sale system In a move to meet their plans of doubling net income from P9. 3 million of last year, PSC began its foray into information technology to further better its franchisee and company store operations that will translate to better sales and more responsive customer care.PSC adopted a new point-of-sale (POS) system that is meant to respond more efficiently to the demands of todays breed of consumers. This includes the provision for one-stop, round-the-clock on-line repayment and purchase services ranging from utility program bills to credit card. Features * Efficient distribution of information from store site to bodied site * Multi-store Editing maintain single bodied database of PLUs, legal injurys, Taxes and Screen * Layouts by database store group * Maintain individual store database for employee, store messages and ommunication * merge reporting by time or store group, by neighborhood or a combination * Password protected security levels * roll daily and weekly tasks such as importing files and receiving consolidated reports * Prices can be assigned to a group of stores or assigned by each store * Hi-speed bring togetherions at each site allows store to connect to internet provider via Router with DSL cable Router with Modem Back-up * Individual store automatically pushes files by schedule to the FTP site * Store database updates downloaded files prior to energizing with confirmation. 3. Foreign Literature WENDYS INTERNATIONAL Wendys International has elect WAND NextGen Point of sale software for its fran chisees. WAND currently has more than 1,600 Wendys restaurant installations, providing an intimate knowledge of the Wendys system. Wendys is assiduous in a Point of Sale system which would * Support conversional order of magnitude * Increase accuracy and speed * Allow for significant growth in menu offerings. WAND NexGen POS conducted field studies in various markets and store types, erudition about emplyees struggles, frustrations, and the remarkable context in which their employees work.WAND brought back some impress findings regarding customer interaction, employees use of technology (and ways they got around its limitations. ) The proponents also provided insights which helped corporate adjust the way they monitored and communicated with employees. WAND analyzed customer orders collected in the field, and created a design based on this and a host of other data. Thus, the design was founded not only on solid usability principles, but also on hard data specific to the Wendys environment. The new design allows cashiers to Take an order as the customer speaks it with less transaction and fewer interruptions. -Easily make adjustments when the customer changes his/her mind. -Assess order accuracy at the point of interaction, or else than having to continually check the virtual receipt. -Quickly find needed menu items and functions, due to an organization ad flow that matches the way they think. -The new design has produced a 90% reduction in voids while increasing speed of service, order accuracy, customer satisfaction, and average check size. NICKY NICOLENicky Nicole, a childrens fashion store located in Hudson, Ohio, has only been open a year, but already business is solid. Specializing in clothing, jewelry and items for young girls between the ages of 4-14, Nicky Nicole is quickly integrate into the fashion scene. Starting a new business can be overwhelming, but MJ Leman, the owner of Nicky Nicole, did the research and decided long before the store ope ned that she would use the latest technology to give her an operational advantage. Lehmans goal from the start was to establish a data-driven based operating system that could accurately track buying and selling.The challenge was finding a cost efficient and easy to use system that would meet the needs of this new specialty store. WASP Quick Store POS Solution was suggested to Nicky Nicole because it includes everything needed to control inventory, conduct sales and manage the customized requirements of a retail business. What the system establishes is the ability to keep track of what is selling and allows the owner to make the proper business decisions when it comes to new orders. In addition, the combination of this detailed data captures system and a clearly labeled inventory guarantees that every sale is professional and error free.This enables Nicky Nicole to increase productivity by eliminating the need for paper files, handwritten data reports, Lehman will not have to worry about lost inventory or stock-outs. With the white Anglo-Saxon Protestant POS system, tracking inventory and managing sales at Nicky Nicole is simple. Wasp Quick Store Point of Sale gives this small business nark to the same technology that allows the larger, higher-volume retailers too quickly and accurate manage transactions. This issue business management system gives Lehman total control of her store from the sales registers to the stock room and every step in between. . 3 compendium of Findings Based on what the researcher researched and on the data gathered in both local and unconnected companies uses Point of Sale System, the researcher found an idea about how the system will look like. The feature of the Point of Sale System is said to be more accurate and much faster in making every transaction. The system will enable also to provide and manage for maintenance and transaction which can generate an accurate and detailed report ready for submission in every inventory. Th e system also has various features which involve user-friendly interface and fast lookups.CHAPTER IV organizeS and data ANALYSIS 4. 1 bounce Description This is where the forms are shown and its functions. Fig. 8. 0 LOG IN FORM log in form is where every data/transaction of a business is secured. The only one who can access through the stored files is the admin and limited areas for the user/cashier. Fig. 9. 0 MAIN FORM Main form has the record of all transactions list of products, suppliers, customers, sales order, purchase order and reports. Fig. 10. 0 PRODUCT FORM Product form is where products data is added, stored and could be deleted. Fig. 11. 0 gross sales FORM sales gain has the record of sales transaction date of sales, cashier, customer, product, quantity, price and total amount. It also has the outlet for printing receipt. Fig. 12. 0 PURCHASE ORDER FORM Purchase order form has the record of purchase transaction date of sales, cashier, customer, product, quantity, p rice and total amount. It also has the button for printing receipt. Fig. 13. 0 ADD client FORM guest form is where customers data is added, stored and could be deleted. Fig. 14. 0 ADD drug userS FORM drug users division is where the admin could add another user, edit users data or delete a user.Fig. 15. 0 CASHIER FORM Cashier form has a limited button for cashier unlike main form where the only one who could access is the admin. The cashier could only access the sales, sales order and reports. Fig. 16. 0 client FORM Customer Form has the list, with its information, of the entire customer that LNKS has encountered. Fig. 17. 0 SALES RECORD FORM Customer Form has the list, with its information, of the entire customer that LNKS has encountered. Fig. 18. 0 INVENTORY FORM Inventory Form is where the transactions of products purchased are recorded.Fig. 19. 0 PURCHASE RECORD FORM Purchase Order Form displays all the purchase order records that contain suppliers come to, qty, products ca-ca, price and total amount. Fig. 20. 0 SALES ORDER FORM Sales Order Form has the record of sales transaction date of sales, cashier, customer, product, quantity, price and total amount. It also has the button for printing receipt. 4. 2 Data lexicon This is where the tables are shown with its column name, data type, field size, if it is optional or not, foreign or primary key and its description. Table 1 lumber In Form cogitation NAME DATA symbol FIELD size of it optional key fruit DESCRIPTION ID Autonumber keen-sighted integer zero(prenominal) PK exploiters bizarre identifier Username text 20 No Username of user Password Text 20 No Password of user Table 2 Customer Form FIELD NAME DATA token FIELD SIZE nonobligatory key fruit DESCRIPTION Customer ID Autonumber persistent integer No PK Customers unique identifier Lastname Text 50 No Lastname of customer Firstname Text 50 No Firstname of customer visit Text ascorbic acid Yes Address of customer Contact No. Te xt 15 Yes Contact No. of customer Table 3 Product FormFIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTION Product ID Autonumber Long integer No PK Products unique identifier Quantity numerate Long integer No Qty left in products Product name Text 100 No discover of product Price coin No Price of each product Table 4 supplier Form FIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTION supplier ID Autonumber Long integer No PK Supplier unique identifier Suppliers name Text 100 No Suppliers Name Address Text 100 Yes Address of supplier Contact No. Text 15 No Contac No. of supplier Table 5 Sales Order FormFIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTION Sales order ID Autonumber Long integer No PK Sales Order unique identifier Customer ID Number Long integer Yes Customers Name run into encounter/Time No Date of transaction Table 6 Sales Order Details Form FIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTION Sales Order Details ID Autonumber Long int eger No PK Sales Order Details unique identifier Sales Order ID Number Long integer No FK Sales Order unique identifier Quantity Number Long integer No Qty of products sold Product name Text 100 No Name of productPrice specie No Price of each product Amount Currency No Total amount of sold products Table 7 Purchase Order Form FIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTION Purchase Order ID Autonumber Long integer No PK Sales Order unique identifier Customer ID Number Long integer Yes Customers Name Date Date/Time No Date of transaction Table 8 Purchase Order Details Form COLUMN NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE OPTIONAL KEY DESCRIPTIONPurchase Order Details ID Autonumber Long integer No PK Purchase Order Details unique identifier Purchase Order ID Number Long integer No FK Purchase Order unique identifier Quantity Number Long integer No Qty of products bought Product name Text 100 No Name of product Price Currency No Price of each product Amount Currency No Total a mount of sold products CHAPTER V PROJECT TECHNICALITY 5. 1 System Project Scope The software engineer designs the system easy for the users to use. It can be access by the admin/user.This system will be used for the daily transaction of LNKS. Information of every transaction are salvage and secured. Saved data will used for inventory. 5. 2 Usage Scenario access/ lumber out Encode Information of Customer Access System for Inventory news reports Access Transaction/Printing Receipts User Log-in/Log out Adding/Editing Prices/Deleting Adding New User/Cashier Access for Inventory Reports Admin User Log-in/Log-out Name Log in/Log out Description Admin can access the system Actor Admin Scenario skilful line * The admin will choose the username and type the password. Admin will log on into the system workflow Add New Transaction Name Add Data Description enkindle create new data Actor Admin Scenario quick-witted Path * The admin can add new data. * Admin will encode all data neede d. Workflow Delete Data Name Delete data Description Can delete data Actor Admin Scenario capable Path * The admin will delete invalid or undesirable data. Workflow dupe Data Name View Data Description Admin can view prevent data Actor Admin Scenario Happy Path * The admin will view saved and updated data. Workflow Customers AccountName Log in/Log out Description Admin can access the system Actor User Scenario Happy Path * The user will access the system but with limitation. Workflow Customers Data Name Add customers data Description Can add new customers data Actor User Scenario Happy Path * The user will add new data for the customers record. Workflow Customers Data Name View customers data Description Can view all customers data Actor User Scenario Happy Path * The user will view customers data for transaction purposes. Workflow Customers OrderName Calculate customers data Description Can total all customers order Actor User Scenario Happy Path * The user will tot al customers order and save the transaction. Workflow Customers Bill Name Issued bill for customers Description Can issued receipts for the purchased products of the customer. Actor User Scenario Happy Path * The user will sum-up the bill * The user will issued receipts for purchased products. Workflow CHAPTER VI 6. 1 Software Requirements The programmer preferred to use the following software for the propose system of LNKS.Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 is used for making and designing the GUI of the system, Microsoft Access is used as the database program for monitoring the files or data and Photoshop was used for the logo of LNKS. SOFTWARE lower limit RECOMMENDED 1. Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 MVS2008 MVS2008 2. Microsoft Access Microsoft Office 2007 Microsoft Office 2010 3. Photoshop Photoshop CS3 Photoshop CS5 6. 2 computer hardware Requirements hardware requirements for the proposed system are the following HARDWARE MINIMUM RECOMMENDED 1.AMD or Intel Pentium 4 Dual loadi ng processor 2 Dual Core processor 4 Dual Core processor 2. 128 MB of get up 128 MB of RAM Higher if possible 3. 100 GB Hard drive 100 GB Higher if possible 4. Screen resultant 1280800 5. Mouse Touchpad Optical Mouse 6. Keyboard any any 7. Monitor 16bit morose Monitor 32bit Colored Monitor 8. USB Storage Mass/Disk for back-up files 50 GB Higher if possible 9. Printer Laser Printer ink Jet Printer 6. 3 Staff Requirements and Qualification The Point of Sale System is intended for the daily transactions of LNKS with customers and suppliers.The manager is responsible to adjudicate reports and improving strategies to enhance the quality of transaction, operation and inventory. The user must also know how to operate the POS or if not the user might go through a training session to familiarize the features, capabilities and different functions of the POS. rung QUALIFICATIONS 1. Admin Computer Literate, Proficient in using the system, knows how to troubleshoot. 2. User Fast learner and willing to undergo training. CHAPTER VII In this part, it discusses about the proposed Point of Sale system for LNKS.This chapter includes the summary, conclusion and recommendation. The summary discusses the reasons why the programmer proposed the Point of Sales system. The conclusion tells the output of the proposed system and the recommendation involves the idea or the suggestions of the programmer. 7. 1 Summary of Findings In proposing the system, the programmer makes sure that the system proposes would be a big help for the LNKS to solve the problem and to be more competitive. The programmer proposed the system to change the current system and remove the problem that the manual system produced.LNKS needs POS system to make the transactions easy and faster, to be more efficient and to avoid loss of documents and incorrect manual list. But before that, the programmer had undergone in the process of observation, data gathering and analysis to think what is the best to provid e improvement for the LNKS, the programmer had an idea to propose a POS system for the LNKS. As the first problem states that manual transaction consumes a lot of time because of writing, so POS could make it faster through inputting data directly in the computer.Second problem is the storage where ledger is used and it could be lost or misplaced but it could be saved by POS because of its back up storage with security measures. And the last one is having unreliable result of inventory based on ledger it could be because of unreadable penmanship or overlook of data, to have an accurate result POS enter where it has an automatic calculation of sold/unsold products and sales report whenever the company needs it. 7. 2 Conclusions The programmer concludes that the POS system is more professional to use than the manual transactions to avoid problems of the LNKS.Through the POS system, LNKS will maintain the records comfortably and safely and sent an accurate report for inventory. Transa ction would be faster and can also avoid errors in listing details. 7. 3 testimony The system made to be much more improved than the current system. POS system can meet the needs of LNKS to become successful in such an easy way process and to gain a competitive edge over other business, for its process of transactions is easy and less errors. REFERENCES 7-Eleven (2011, February 13). Point of sale.Retrieved (February 20, 2011) from http//www. 7eleven. com. ph/AboutUs/CompanyProfile/tabid/94/Default. aspx E. C Pay (2012, February 13). Billing and Inventory sytem. Retrieved (Feb 20, 2012) from http//ECPAY. com/Arizona Department of Transportation Wendys International. (). Point-of-Sale Designs. Retreived February 18, 2012 Nicky Nicole. (). Point-of-Sale. Retreived February 21,2012 www. waspbarcode. com/point_of_sale/case_nickynicole. asp USERS MANUAL Log-in and Log-out Procedure (admin and cashier) 1. Log-in form must be filled with username and password.If it doesnt match or username and password are invalid, a message box will appear to warn the user. 2. If log-in was successful, for admin, MDIFORM will appear consist of transaction, reports, users, items and help. For cashier, a form with Sales and Report button will appear. 3. When Log-out is clatter MDIFORM will close and it will go back to the Log-in form. Add Sales Procedure (admin) 1. track Transaction and choose Sales on the MDIFORM. 2. Then the Sales Form will appear. rupture add new button. Fill-in all needed data, ruffle save and then close.Add User Procedure (admin) 1. Click Users and choose Add user on the MDIFORM. 2. Then the Add User Form will appear. Click add new button. Fill-in all needed data, click save and then close. Add New Product Procedure (admin) 1. Click Items and choose Input Products on the MDIFORM. 2. Then the Items Form will appear. Click add new button. Fill-in all needed data, click save and then close. Add Sales Procedure (cashier) 1. Click Sales on the Cashier Form. 2. The n the Sales Form will appear. Click add new button. Fill-in all needed data, click save and then close.